Integration and differentiation

In an advanced metasystem transition, integration of S-subsystems is typically followed by their specialization: different subsystems start playing different roles in the whole S', and undergo corresponding modifications. Very often the body of the control system consists of modified S-subsystems. Thus the nervous system of animals is built of specialized cells, which are basically the same formations as those which live, since the dawn of evolution, as one-cell organisms. Another example: officers in the armed forces are, so to say, "specialized soldiers" -- they are the same human beings, but with special training and functions.